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Section 48 Bar Migration Law

Learn about the section 48 bar in Australia, including when it applies after visa refusal or cancellation, restricted visa applications, exclusions and key requirements.

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Section 48 Bar Migration Law in Australia

Section 48 of the Migration Act 1958 can restrict a person from applying for certain visas while they are in Australia after a visa refusal or visa cancellation. The section generally becomes relevant when a non-citizen is in the migration zone, does not hold a substantive visa, and has been refused a visa or had a visa cancelled after their most recent entry to Australia. It is therefore commonly referred to as the section 48 bar Australia.

The section 48 bar does not mean that a person can never obtain another Australian visa. Rather, it can restrict which visa classes they are permitted to apply for while they remain in Australia. The exact effect depends on the circumstances leading to the refusal or cancellation, the person's current immigration status and the visa they are seeking. Section 48 also contains specific exclusions and operates subject to the regulations.

Under the current Migration Act 1958, section 48 applies to certain non-citizens who do not hold a substantive visa and who, after their last entry to Australia, were refused a visa or had certain visas cancelled. Importantly, a refusal of a bridging visa and certain refusals under sections 501, 501A or 501B are treated differently under section 48.

When Does the Section 48 Bar Apply?

Whether the section 48 bar applies is determined by the statutory requirements rather than simply by the fact that a person has previously received a visa refusal. Several conditions generally need to be considered together.

FactorWhy It Matters
Current statusSection 48 generally concerns a non-citizen in the migration zone who does not hold a substantive visa.
Previous visa decisionA relevant visa refusal or certain visa cancellations after the person's last entry can trigger the restriction.
Type of refusalCertain refusals, including some bridging visa and character-related decisions, are treated differently.
Visa being consideredSection 48 restricts applications to particular visa classes prescribed under the migration framework.
Last entry to AustraliaThe timing and nature of the refusal or cancellation after the person's last entry can be important.

Because the section 48 bar depends on several legal requirements, a previous Australia visa refusal does not automatically establish that every future visa application is barred. The particular decision and the applicant's current circumstances need to be examined.

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What Can You Do If You Are Barred Under Section 48?

If section 48 prevents you from applying for the visa you want while you are in Australia, one possible strategy may be to consider whether an eligible visa can be applied for under the classes permitted by the legislation and regulations. In other circumstances, the applicant may need to consider whether an offshore visa application is available and appropriate. The correct option depends on the visa type, immigration history and individual circumstances.

It is important not to confuse a section 48 bar with a general visa ban or a section 48B ministerial intervention. Section 48B is a separate provision concerning certain protection visa applications. There is not a general section 48 waiver that automatically removes the bar for every type of visa. The applicable legislation should be examined before deciding how to proceed.

If your visa has been refused or cancelled and you believe the decision may be reviewable, you should also check the decision notice carefully. The notice may explain whether you have a right to seek review and the deadline for doing so. A review application and a section 48 issue are separate legal matters, so obtaining advice about both may be important.

Section 48 and Visa Applications in Australia

The section 48 migration law can be particularly important for people whose substantive visa has expired or who are holding a bridging visa after a visa refusal. Before submitting another visa application, it is important to establish whether the proposed application would be valid and whether section 48 prevents the application from being made.

The Department of Home Affairs and the legislation should be checked for the latest requirements because Australian migration law can change. The Federal Register of Legislation provides access to the current Migration Act 1958 and its amendments.

Get Help With a Section 48 Visa Issue

A section 48 matter can involve important questions about your previous visa refusal or cancellation, current visa status, available visa pathways and whether an application can legally be made from Australia. Australian Immigration Consultants can help you review your circumstances and understand the potential options available to you.

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Frequently Asked Questions

1. What is the section 48 bar in Australia?

Section 48 of the Migration Act 1958 can restrict certain non-citizens in Australia who do not hold a substantive visa from applying for visas other than prescribed visa classes after a relevant visa refusal or cancellation.

2. Does a visa refusal automatically trigger the section 48 bar?

No. Section 48 has specific statutory requirements. Factors including the person's current visa status, the type of refusal, when the refusal occurred and the circumstances of the person's last entry to Australia can be relevant.

3. Can I apply for another visa if I am subject to section 48?

Possibly. Section 48 does not necessarily prevent every visa application. It limits applications to certain prescribed visa classes, so the particular visa you want to apply for must be checked against the applicable legislation and regulations.

4. Is there a section 48 waiver in Australia?

There is no general waiver that automatically removes the section 48 bar for all visa types. Section 48B is a separate ministerial power relating to certain protection visa applications and should not be treated as a general section 48 waiver.

5. Can I apply for an Australian visa from outside Australia if section 48 applies?

An offshore application may be an option for some visa pathways because section 48 concerns applications made by certain non-citizens who are in the migration zone. However, whether a particular offshore visa is available depends on the visa's eligibility and location requirements.

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